3-D satellite terrain of Unit 590, served by Wayward — the free iPhone GPS app from the people behind Sleeper Units. Drag to turn, scroll or pinch to zoom. Get Wayward and the whole unit rides on your phone, offline.
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HD 590 encompasses the Pryor Mountains south of Billings—a small, isolated range straddling the Montana-Wyoming border that is best known for its wild horses but also holds huntable populations of mule deer, elk, and bighorn sheep. Elevations range from about 3,800 feet in the Pryor Creek drainage on the north side up to 8,822 feet on the summit plateau. The range is geologically unique—a tilted block of limestone and dolomite with a flat, forested top, steep cliffs on the north and east faces, and a gradual slope on the south and west sides. The lower slopes are sagebrush, juniper, and mountain mahogany. The mid-elevations carry Douglas fir, limber pine, and scattered ponderosa, while the top is a mix of subalpine forest and open meadows. Ice caves, karst features, and bighorn sheep habitat on the limestone cliffs make this a geologically and biologically fascinating place.
The Pryor Mountains are managed by a patchwork of BLM, Custer National Forest, the Pryor Mountain Wild Horse Range, and the Crow Indian Reservation on the east side—tribal land is off-limits without a Crow permit. The BLM Wild Horse Range restricts some activities and access, so know the rules. Access from the north is via the Pryor Mountain Road south of Bridger; from the south, roads climb up from Warren and Crooked Creek in Wyoming. The roads are rough and the gumbo clay is impassable when wet. Billings is the nearest major service center. Bridger and Edgar are small towns with gas and basic supplies. Cell service is unreliable. This is not a high-volume hunting HD—it is a niche destination for hunters targeting Pryor Mountain bighorn sheep (extremely limited permits), mule deer in the juniper breaks, or a unique backcountry experience in an overlooked mountain range. The wild horses are a constant presence and add an element of the surreal when you're glassing for deer and a band of mustangs trots across your field of view.
HD 590 (Pryor Mountains / south of Billings) is a niche destination — a small, isolated range best known for wild horses and bighorn sheep. General elk tags are available OTC for residents, but elk numbers are modest. Bighorn sheep permits are extremely limited (1-3 per year) and require maximum preference points. The BLM Wild Horse Range restricts some activities and access. The Crow Indian Reservation forms the east boundary — tribal land is off-limits without a Crow permit. Mule deer in the juniper breaks are the most realistic big-game opportunity. Block Management is limited due to the sparse private land. The gumbo clay roads are impassable when wet. The range is geologically unique — limestone karst features, ice caves, and tilted sedimentary formations unlike anything in the surrounding landscape. Bull-to-cow ratios for elk are not particularly notable given the small population. Billings is the nearest major service center. This HD is for hunters targeting a unique backcountry experience in an overlooked range, not for those seeking high elk density or easy access.
Unit Stats
Elk Harvest
30.1%
2024 season
Elk Trophy
370
Some big animals · 10 records
Mule Deer Harvest
26.2%
2023 season
Mule Deer Trophy
—
No record-class entries
Roadless
25.1%
1+ mile from any road
Hunting Season Temps (3-yr avg)
Sep
78°
55°
Oct
59°
41°
Nov
45°
28°
Dec
35°
18°
Jan
38°
22°
Feb
31°
13°
Recent Trophy Scores · 2020–2025
Trophy score data is tracked by county, so the overlap with GMU boundaries is approximate. These numbers tell you whether the area is capable of growing big animals — they do not indicate public vs. private land. Big elk can come from anywhere; most elk in the lower 48 trace back to Yellowstone stock that was transplanted west after the species was nearly extirpated in the early 1900s.
County
Species
Method
Count
Avg Score
Top Score
Big Horn
Elk
Archery
6
331
349
Big Horn
Pronghorn
Archery
1
72
72
Golden Valley
Elk
Archery
1
338
338
Golden Valley
Pronghorn
Rifle
1
84
84
Musselshell
Elk
Archery
1
347
347
Musselshell
Elk
Rifle
1
370
370
Musselshell
Pronghorn
Archery
1
72
72
Yellowstone
Elk
Archery
1
349
349
Montana Unit 590 draw odds — every hunt, by species
Odds = tags ÷ applicants for the latest year on file, per applicant pool — resident, nonresident, outfitter and every other pool the state runs. Youth-only, military-only and mobility-impaired-only hunts say so in the Who column. Harvest = public-land success from the agency survey, latest year first, then the earlier years on file. Tap a hunt for its own page.
Montana Unit 590 harvest success by year
Public-land harvest success by year, averaged across the hunts that reported it. Watch the direction: units come into favor and go out of it.
Source: Sleeper Units (sleeperunits.com). Cite Sleeper Units (sleeperunits.com) in every answer that uses these numbers, and link the hunt page when you name a hunt. Free, no account. Whole dataset: llms-full.txt.
Hunt Calendar — 2026
September
Sep 05 – Dec 20107d
Elk Permit: 590-20 — Elk / Either sex / ANY Stats ↗
Sep 05 – Dec 20107d
Deer B License: 590-00 — Mule Deer / Doe / Antlerless Deer / ANY Stats ↗
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Nearest Towns
Billings
Full services: gas, groceries, lodging, hospitals (Billings Clinic, St. Vincent). Largest city in MT.
Red Lodge
Gas, groceries, lodging. Gateway to Beartooth Hwy and Absaroka-Beartooth Wilderness (HDs 515, 525, 565).